ZAMANI Mohsen - PhD in Political Geography (Political Organization of Space), University of Tehran, Iran (Tehran, Iran).

Email: zamani_m@ut.ac.ir

Keywords: Geographical location, Chile, Latin America, geopolitics, economic inequality, sustainable development.

Chile, a narrow and elongated country on the southwestern edge of South America, holds a prominent position in Latin America due to its unique geographical location, abundant natural resources, and open economic policies. With over 4,300 kilometers of coastline along the Pacific Ocean, Chile enjoys exceptional access to Asian and Oceanic markets, serving as a gateway for international trade in the region. Its extensive coastline and strong maritime connectivity have positioned Chile as a critical hub for the transportation of goods and the expansion of regional and trans-regional trade. Economically, Chile is the world’s largest producer of copper, a resource that secures its vital role in global markets. Copper exports, along with other mineral resources particularly to Asian countries constitute the backbone of the Chilean economy. Membership in trade agreements such as the Pacific Alliance and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) has enabled Chile to play a central role in regional and international free trade. Chile's economic policies focus on free trade, foreign investment, and economic stability, making it one of Latin America's most successful economies. From a geopolitical perspective, Chile’s position in the Pacific region allows it to act as a bridge between Latin America and Asia. Additionally, Chile is an active member of regional institutions such as the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and the Pacific Alliance, which aim to strengthen economic integration and regional cooperation. Stable relationships with the United States and the European Union further underscore Chile’s geopolitical significance. In the energy sector, Chile is recognized as a regional leader in renewable energy. Extensive solar and wind energy resources, particularly in the Atacama Desert, have positioned the country as a key player in the transition to clean energy. The development of sustainable energy sources has not only reduced dependence on fossil fuels but also played a critical role in fostering sustainable regional development. However, internal challenges such as economic inequality, social tensions, and reliance on raw material exports remain major obstacles to Chile's efforts to solidify its strategic position. Recent protests highlight the need for structural reforms to maintain political and economic stability. In conclusion, Chile's strategic position in Latin America stems from its advantageous geographical location, successful economic policies, and active participation in regional and trans-regional cooperation. Nevertheless, its long-term success depends on its ability to address domestic challenges and strengthen regional and global ties.